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AOD9604

Fat-burning fragment of human growth hormone

AOD9604 molecular structure

Overview

AOD9604 is a modified fragment of human growth hormone — specifically, the part responsible for fat burning, without the parts that affect blood sugar or cause cell growth. **The clever science behind it:** Researchers took amino acids 176-191 from growth hormone and added a tyrosine molecule to stabilize it. The result? A peptide that promotes fat breakdown (lipolysis) and blocks fat formation (lipogenesis) without the side effects of full growth hormone. **What the research shows:** • Stimulates fat cells to release stored fat for energy • Does NOT raise blood sugar or IGF-1 levels • Does NOT cause cellular proliferation (important for safety) • Granted "Generally Recognized as Safe" (GRAS) status by FDA for food use • Some studies show benefits for joint health and cartilage repair **How it differs from HGH:** Unlike growth hormone, AOD9604 doesn't bind to growth hormone receptors. This means you get the fat-burning benefits without the risks of elevated IGF-1 or insulin resistance. **Typical use:** Injected subcutaneously, often in the abdominal area, typically in the morning on an empty stomach. **Important to know:** While GRAS-approved as a food additive, AOD9604 is not FDA-approved as a drug. Clinical trials showed modest weight loss results. --- **Sources:** Heffernan M, et al. (2001) Endocrinology | Ng FM, et al. (2000) Journal of Molecular Endocrinology | FDA GRAS Notice GRN 000423

Last reviewed: 2026-08-18

Identity & Aliases

Also known as

AOD-9604hGH fragment 177-191modified human growth hormone C-terminal fragmentAOD9604 hexadecapeptide

Status: Research compound - HGH fragment

CAS221231-10-3
PubChem71300664

Full composition (formula, molecular weight, sequence) in Quick Facts →

Research Areas

Weight management / fat lossAnti-obesity drug developmentGrowth hormone fragment pharmacology

Available Evidence

Human

A placebo-controlled dose-ranging trial in overweight/obese adults reported greater 12-week weight loss at all tested AOD9604 doses than placebo, with a non-linear dose response; the results are summarized in an FDA review document rather than a full peer-reviewed publication. A separate human study reported the hexadecapeptide was safe and well tolerated.

Animal

Rodent studies show AOD9604 stimulates lipolysis and reduces fat mass without elevating growth hormone levels or promoting growth, consistent with its design as a lipolytic hGH C-terminal fragment analog.

In Vitro

Cell-based and ex vivo adipocyte assays demonstrate lipolytic activity for the fragment, supporting a GH-receptor-independent lipolytic mechanism.

Uncertain

Claims that AOD9604 is an effective 'fat-burning' peptide in humans rest on limited unpublished or partially published trial data; its widespread bodybuilding use outpaces published clinical evidence.

Key Studies & Findings

3 studies
Clinical

A human study reported that the hexadecapeptide AOD9604 was safe and well tolerated in volunteers.

Human tolerability study (Journal of Obesity and Metabolism)

Benefits & Effects

19 documented

Targeted fat loss

anecdotal

No impact on blood sugar

anecdotal

Preserves lean muscle

anecdotal

Metabolic enhancement

anecdotal

Body composition improvement

anecdotal

Reduces body fat

Mimics the way natural growth hormone regulates fat metabolism

No adverse effects on blood sugar or growth

Stimulates lipolysis

Inhibits lipogenesis.

>50% reduction in body weight gain

preclinicalweight loss

Increased fat oxidation

preclinicalmetabolic

Enhanced cartilage regeneration (intra-articular)

preclinicaljoint health

No adverse effect on insulin sensitivity

preclinicalsafety

Reduces body fat

Mimics the way natural growth hormone regulates fat metabolism

No adverse effects on blood sugar or growth

Stimulates lipolysis

Inhibits lipogenesis.

Side Effects & Safety

7 reported

Unlike intact hGH - NO hyperglycemia

nonenone

NO reduced insulin secretion

nonenone

Mild injection site irritation

MildUncommon

Rare headache

SevereRare

Generally well-tolerated

MildUncommon

Mild side effect

MildCommon Reversible

Onset: Immediate

Management: Rotate sites

Mild side effect

MildCommon Reversible

Onset: Hours

Management: Analgesics

Limitations & Open Questions

No large, fully published randomized controlled trial of AOD9604 for weight loss exists; the key dose-ranging data are only summarized in an FDA document. The compound is not FDA approved, and long-term safety data for repeated use are lacking.

Pharmacology

AOD9604 is a modified C-terminal fragment of human growth hormone (hGH residues 177-191) designed to retain lipolytic activity without stimulating GH secretion or growth. In clinical testing it was administered by subcutaneous injection; detailed published half-life data are limited.

Reported Research Dosing

Reported values from research literature and community protocols. Educational reference only — not a dosing recommendation or medical advice.

250-500mcg daily SC

Route: SC
Half-life: 2-3 hours

Research Protocols

Fat loss

Dose
250-300mcg
Frequency
Once daily
Route
Subcutaneous

Enhanced fat loss

Dose
400-500mcg
Frequency
Once daily
Route
Subcutaneous

Joint support

Dose
250mcg
Frequency
Once daily
Route
Subcutaneous

Conservative start

Dose
200mcg
Frequency
Once daily
Route
Subcutaneous

Research protocols are for educational purposes only. Always consult qualified medical professionals.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is AOD9604 FDA approved for fat loss?

No. AOD9604 is not FDA approved for any indication; its use as a weight-loss or bodybuilding peptide is experimental/off-label.

What does the human trial data actually show?

A placebo-controlled dose-ranging study summarized in an FDA document reported greater 12-week weight loss at all doses than placebo with a non-linear dose response; the full trial was not published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Does AOD9604 raise growth hormone or IGF-1?

It is designed as a lipolytic hGH fragment that does not elevate GH; published chronic-use data are limited, and most mechanistic evidence comes from animal or cell models.

Research Citations

2
Detection and in vitro metabolism of AOD9604.

Cox HD, Smeal SJ, Hughes CM, Cox JE, Eichner D (2015)

4

Effect of Intra-articular Injection of AOD9604 with or without Hyaluronic Acid in Rabbit Osteoarthritis Model.

Kwon DR, Park GY (2015)

5

AOD-9604 Metabolic.

Wilding J (2004)

+ 13 more citations

Related Resources

Quick Facts

Formula

C78H123N23O23S2

Molecular Weight

1815.12

Sequence

YLRIVQCRSVEGSCGF

Mechanism

Modified fragment of HGH that stimulates lipolysis

Safety Information

Research compound only. Generally well-tolerated in studies.

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